Field work in the Outback:Planning and processing a geological diploma mapping in Central Australia

Der Finke Gorge National Park liegt im Zentrum des Australischen Kontinents. Aufgrund der großen Dimensionen des Landes sind weite Teile nur unzureichend und kleinmaßstäblich geologisch kartiert. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit sollte der Versuch unternommen werden, den National Park unter Zuhilfenahme von Fernerkundungsdaten, wie Landsat TM-, ASTER-Daten, hochauflösenden stereographischen Luftbildern, digitalen Geländemodellen (DGM) und Vegetationskarten großmaßstäblich zu kartieren (1:10000). Die vorliegende Arbeit knüpft an die Untersuchungen von BUDE & PRINZ (2003) an und soll diese durch Geländebefunde ergänzen. Darüber hinaus soll der Bericht Erfahrungen hinsichtlich der Planung und Durchführung einer derartigen geologischen Geländearbeit vermitteln.The Finke Gorge National Park is situated in the centre of the Australian continent. Due to the great dimension of the outback, most of its parts are mapped geologically at a small scale. In this work we try to produce a detailed 1:10000 geological map of the National Park by applying field methods supported by remote sensing data like Landsat TM-, ASTER-Data, high resolution stereographic aerial views, digital terrain modells (DTM) and detailed geobotanic vegetation maps. This study continues the efforts of BUDE & PRINZ (2003), as it includes ground proof for representative areas. Furthermore this report gives an idea of the essential preparations in the forefield of such a geological field campaign

Effect of Sodium Sulfite, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, and Urea on the Molecular Interactions and Properties of Whey Protein Isolate-Based Films

Whey protein coatings and cast films are promising for use as food packaging materials. Ongoing research is endeavoring to reduce their permeability. The intention of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reactive additives sodium sulfite, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and urea on the oxygen barrier, water vapor barrier, and protein solubility of whey protein cast films. The concentration of the reactive additives was 1 to 20 wt.-%. Dried whey protein cast films were used as substrate materials. The water vapor transmission rate, the oxygen permeability, and the protein solubility were measured. Effective diffusion coefficients and effective sorption coefficients were calculated from the results of the water vapor sorption experiments. The presence of sodium sulfite resulted in an increased number of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds and a slightly decreased number of disulfide bonds. The oxygen permeability decreased from 68 to 46 cm3 (STP/standard temperature and pressure) 100 μm (m2 d bar)−1 for 1 wt.-% SDS in the whey protein cast film. The water vapor transmission rate decreased from 165 to 44 g 100 μm (m2 d)−1 measured at 50 to 0% r. h. for 20 wt.-% SDS in the whey protein cast film. The reduction in the water vapor transmission rate correlated with the lower effective diffusion coefficient

NG2 expressed by macrophages and oligodendrocyte precursor cells is dispensable in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Increased expression of the chondroitin proteoglycan NG2 is a prominent feature in central nervous system injury with unknown cellular source and biological relevance. Here, we describe the first detailed analysis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in NG2 knockout mice and NG2 knockout bone marrow chimeras. We show that both macrophages and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells express and secrete NG2 in response to transforming growth factor-β. A subpopulation of macrophages expresses NG2 within leucocyte infiltrates in the central nervous system, but only oligodendrocyte progenitor cells contribute to NG2 accumulation. Notably, NG2 plays no role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis initiation, progression or recuperation. In concurrence, the immune response is unaltered in NG2-deficient mice as are the extent of central nervous system damage and degree of remyelinatio